The white abalone is an endangered species in the United States; it may now have the smallest population of all eight of the abalone species on the west coast of North America. Historically the white abalone ranged from Point Conception, California to Baja California, Mexico, and was found especially on the offshore islands.

White abalone can grow to about 10 in (25 cm), but are usually 5–8 in (13–20 cm). The white abalone is the deepest dwelling of eight species of California abalones, living at depths from 80 to 200 ft (24–61 m). White abalone are found in open low and high relief rock or boulder habitat that is interspersed with sand channels.

The white abalone is said to have one of the most tender and flavorful meats of all the abalone species. It was not discovered until 1940.